Potential prospects for a significant rise in liquefied natural gas (LNG) production could mitigate the impact of the present geopolitical uncertainty on Qatar, which is expected to continue with its plans to expand LNG production capacity and show real growth of more than 10% in 2027, according to Fitch Ratings.
"Its strong balance sheet and credible prospects for a significant rise in LNG production mitigate the impact of the Iran war," Fitch said, affirming Qatar's long-term foreign-currency (LTFC) issuer default rating (IDR) at 'AA' with a "stable" outlook.
The rating agency expects QatarEnergy to continue with its plans to expand LNG production capacity to 126mn tonnes per year (Mtpa) by end-2027 from 77Mtpa in 2025, and has announced further expansion to 142 Mtpa by end-2030.
"Our baseline assumes logistical challenges due to the war will delay the completion of the first phase of the North Field expansion, with the first new LNG trains only starting operations in 2027, compared with our previous expectations for late 2026," Fitch said.
Fitch assumes the country's hydrocarbons bellwether and its foreign partners will continue to invest in expanding production after the current conflict.
Expecting a small surplus this year, Fitch projects the general government budget surplus (including investment income) to narrow in 2026 to 0.3% of GDP (gross domestic product), from 2.8% in 2025, reflecting a mix of lower hydrocarbon revenue and higher spending in order to mitigate the impact of weak tourism, travel and risk perception on the non-oil economy.
Although economic growth in 2026 is expected to fall on lower energy production and a significant slowdown in non-oil activity, in particular transport and tourism; Fitch said North Field projects would support both hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon growth over 2027-30, and "we project GDP growth of over 10% in 2027."
Funding needs (general government budget, excluding the Qatar Investment Authority's estimated investment income) would reach 3.8% of GDP, according to the report.
"Under our baseline scenario, we project the general government budget surplus to rise in 2027, to 4.1% of GDP and over 7% by 2030 as LNG production increases," it said, projecting budget balance excluding investment income to be in surplus from 2027 and Qatar to transfer most its surpluses to the QIA for investment abroad.
Expecting Qatar to cover its funding needs in 2026 through a mix of central bank overdrafts, domestic and global market sources and drawdown on the Ministry of Finance's deposits in the banking sector; it said, "We project debt to rise to 54% of GDP in 2026, above the forecast 'AA' median of 49.3%, before edging down due to strong nominal GDP growth."
Estimating that sovereign net foreign assets (SNFA)/GDP rose to 227% in 2025 (sovereign wealth fund assets are not reported); it said in an adverse scenario of a much longer closure of the Strait of Hormuz or significant capital outflows, Qatar may call on some of the QIA's assets as a backstop.
A large share of the QIA's assets can be liquidated at short notice. SNFA will rise due to fiscal surpluses until the end of the decade, although they remain vulnerable to financial market fluctuations.
"We project SNFA at 229% of GDP at end-2027, assuming no stock market appreciation. This is well above the 'AA' median of 45.3% for 2025," it added.
