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Saturday, May 02, 2026 | Daily Newspaper published by GPPC Doha, Qatar.

Tag Results for "minerals" (9 articles)

Tonnes of packaged rare earth minerals sat ready for shipping from a Malaysian plant to loosen China's grip on supplies of the critical elements. (AFP)
International

Delicate extraction: Malaysia offers rare earths alternative to China

Workers load tonnes of rare earth minerals into bags ready for shipping at a refinery in eastern Malaysia, fuelling the global pushback against China's grip on the critical sector.Rare earths are a key ingredient in products ranging from smartphones to fighter jets, electric cars and wind turbines — and increasingly for hardware powering the artificial intelligence (AI) boom.Global jitters about Beijing's dominance as a rare earths producer have kicked Australian mining giant Lynas into action, expanding its portfolio of rare earths refined in Malaysia as it hopes to boost its approximately 10% share of the market.China makes up the other 90% of the world's market, stoking fears about Beijing's ability to choke global supplies."China has built its success on executing a clear industrial plan — it takes us to be serious about it," Lynas company's chief executive Amanda Lacaze told AFP.Pushing against Chinese dominance will "take discipline, focus and clear planning", she said during a rare press visit to the company's sprawling chemical plant in Malaysia's Gebeng industrial hub, near the coastal city of Kuantan.The Lynas facility in Gebeng is now the world's largest single rare earths processing plant.Downstream demandSince 2012, the facility has been refining pure metals from raw materials mined in Western Australia, in an intensive and complicated separation procedure.It currently handles 11 of the 17 rare earths — a number that is increasing — with plans to expand even further to include "heavies" such as yttrium and lutetium, used for lasers, medical imaging and cancer therapy.From the plant, the bags are transported to Port Klang on the other side of Malaysia, and leave on a ship for Japan, where the metal powders are turned into high-performance magnets used in advanced industries such as electronics and aerospace.Most bags contain NdPr, short for neodymium-praseodymium, a rare-earth mixture and key magnet material, which sells for around $100,000 per bag.Smaller quantities of other separated heavy rare earth oxides like dysprosium, terbium and samarium are sold in 25kg tins.Rare earths are so vital for the global economy that they have become a flashpoint in the blistering trade war between the US and China.Beijing leveraged its grip on the precious minerals in spectacular fashion last October, reaching a deal with Washington to pause the trade war after its curbs on exports rattled markets and snarled supply chains.Supply of rare earths is expected to be a key discussion point at an upcoming summit between US President Donald Trump and his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping in Beijing set for mid-May.But the challenge for Lynas is not its production capacity, chief operating officer Pol Le Roux said.Instead, incentives are needed to boost downstream capacity — the ability to turn raw minerals into a finished product — which is "growing too slowly", he told AFP.Lacaze said the company was already partnering with magnet makers to close the gap between rare-earth processing and manufacturing.However, she stressed: "We won't just say that we are going to wake up tomorrow and be a magnet maker."'Minimise risks' Producing rare earths requires heavy chemicals and can produce toxic waste, with cases including illegal operations polluting Mekong tributaries in Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia with arsenic and cadmium.Lynas got the green light last month from the Malaysian government to process rare earths there for another 10 years.The licence was issued as environmental watchdogs such as Greenpeace raised concerns over the management of radioactive by-products.Under the latest agreement, the government said the company must now halt all activities that produce radioactive waste within five years of its renewed operating licence.Lynas however, says its by-product from rare earth refining produces a non-toxic, non-radioactive magnesium-rich gypsum and an iron phosphate with a very low level of naturally occurring radioactive material.Existing by-product is already stored in a permanent disposal facility "constructed and managed to ensure the material does not impact on the surrounding environment," the company said.Lynas also has ambitions to diversify further into producing rare earths as catalysts over the next decade.Rare earths are particularly important as a low-cost catalyst in the hydrogen supply chain, for instance, in the recovery process when the gas is transported long-haul as ammonia."In 10 years from now, I expect this to be a substantial part of the business," Le Roux said. 


India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi (right) shakes hands with South Korea’s President Lee Jae Myung before their meeting in New Delhi on Monday.
Business

India and South Korea plan $50bn trade push with new deals

India and South Korea said on Monday ​that they would boost their economic ‌ties by expanding cooperation in energy, critical minerals, shipbuilding, semiconductors and steel as they ‌seek to double their trade to $50bn by ‌2030. New Delhi and Seoul also agreed to ‌resume and step up negotiations to give new energy to their 2010 trade agreement as India wants their trade to be more balanced and South Korea wants greater market access to the world’s fastest-growing major economy. South Korean President Lee Jae Myung is in India for a three-day visit, the first South Korean presidential state visit to the country in eight years. He is accompanied by around 200 South Korean businesspeople. “We decided to upgrade the framework of economic cooperation between the two countries to create a new engine for shared growth,” Lee told reporters after talks with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The two countries created a ministerial-level economic cooperation committee for the first time, Lee said, adding that they would strengthen cooperation in areas such as nuclear power plants, clean energy as well as trade and ‌investment. With the Iran war squeezing global energy supplies, India and South Korea would also continue to cooperate to ensure the stable supply of energy resources and key raw materials such as naphtha, Lee added. Modi said Lee’s visit was extremely significant and that the two countries had taken important decisions to boost two-way trade to $50bn by 2030 from around $27bn at present. “Today, we are laying the foundation for the success story of the next decade,” Modi said, as he recalled strong civilisational ties between the two countries that go back several centuries. Indian Trade Minister Piyush Goyal said he held talks with his South Korean counterpart, Yeo Han-koo, and discussed ways to resume and revamp the trade pact and explored opportunities to deepen cooperation in the areas of industry, green ‌energy and digital trade. “We have agreed to ‌work on a fast track,” Goyal later told a joint business forum, which would include easing non-tariff barriers, rules of origin and expanding market access. 

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen walk together after an address to Members and Senators during a joint sitting in the House of Representatives at Parliament House in Canberra on Tuesday. Australia and the European Union signed ‌a free trade agreement on Tuesday after eight years of negotiations, removing tariffs on almost ​all goods and potentially easing EU access ‌to Australian critical minerals.
Business

Australia and EU seal trade deal, seek to cut reliance on China for critical minerals

Australia and the European Union signed ‌a free trade agreement on Tuesday after eight years of negotiations, removing tariffs on almost ​all goods and potentially easing EU access ‌to Australian critical minerals. However, some Australian agricultural exports, including beef and sheep meat, will face ‌quotas.Australian farmers ⁠criticised the pact for offering ‌what they called "subpar" access to the bloc, while French ‌farmers argued the quotas were too generous. The deal follows intensified talks amid sharply higher US tariffs under the ⁠Trump administration and growing Western concerns over China's dominant position in rare earths and other critical minerals. The two sides also signed an agreement to deepen security and defence cooperation."The EU and Australia may be geographically far apart but we couldn't be closer in terms of how we see the world," European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said in a statement. "With these dynamic new partnerships on security and defence, as well as trade, we are moving even closer together."The agreement will remove more than 99% of tariffs on ​EU goods exports to Australia, saving companies €1bn ($1.2bn) a year. EU exports to Australia are expected to grow by up to 33% over the next decade. Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said the deal would be worth about A$10bn ($7bn) annually to the Australian economy. He ⁠said scrapping almost all ​import tariffs on Australian critical minerals entering the EU would help stabilise global supply chains."For both ​Europe and Australia, getting China right is a strategic imperative, and this is why bringing to life our critical minerals partnership will be crucial to our success," von der Leyen told Australia's parliament. "We cannot be over-dependent on any supplier for such crucial ingredients, and that is precisely why we need each other."The agreement also underscores Europe's growing engagement in the Indo-Pacific, following trade accords concluded with Indonesia in September and India in January. EU industry groups including BusinessEurope and the European Services Forum welcomed the deal."Australia's resources potential is still far from being fully tapped by us," said Volker Treier, head of foreign trade at the German Chamber of Industry and Commerce.Australian tariffs will drop to zero from day one ‌for European fruit, vegetables ‌and chocolates, and over three years for cheeses. The ⁠EU will remove tariffs for many agricultural products but will maintain quotas for some key exports.For beef — ⁠a major sticking point that derailed talks in 2023 — ⁠the EU will open two tariff-rate quotas totalling 30,600 metric tons, with about 55% of that volume entering duty-free.French farmers, who have protested against increased beef imports expected under the EU-Mercosur deal, voiced concern. France's National Bovine Federation said von der Leyen was continuing to undermine the beef industry. Hamish McIntyre, president of the National Farmers Federation in Australia, said Australian farmers were "extremely disappointed that negotiations for a free trade deal with the European Union have concluded without commercially meaningful ​agricultural market access gains since Australia last walked away from negotiations." 

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese shakes hands with Canada's Prime Minister Mark Carney at the Australian Parliament House, in Canberra, Australia, Thursday. (Reuters)
International

Australia, Canada sign new deals on critical minerals

Australia and Canada ​said Thursday they had ‌signed new agreements on critical minerals as Canadian Prime Minister ‌Mark Carney made ⁠a landmark ‌address to the Australian parliament, a ‌sign of the developing bond between the "middle powers".Carney is on a multi-leg trip ⁠across the Asia-Pacific region also taking in Japan and India. His stop in Australia included the first address to Australia's parliament by a Canadian leader since 2007."In a world of great power rivalry, middle powers have a choice: compete for favour or combine for strength," he told lawmakers.Introducing Carney in parliament, Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said his ​address represented the closeness of the ties between the two nations."Australia and Canada are middle powers in a world that is changing. We cannot change it back, ‌but we can back ourselves, back ⁠our citizens, and ​back each other," he said.Albanese told a press ​conference that Australia would join Canada's G7 critical minerals production alliance."We have agreed to deepen our relationship across several areas, building on our joint declaration of intent on critical minerals that we signed last year," he told a press conference.The G7 alliance is a Canada-led initiative to diversify and secure global critical minerals production and supply.Canada and Australia together produce about a third of global lithium and uranium, as well as more than 40% of global iron ore.Western ‌nations have been attempting ‌to diversify their supply chains away ⁠from China, which still controls the majority of production and processing of ⁠critical minerals, essential for semiconductors ⁠and defence applications.Canada believes that the best way to address the issue of concentrated supply of critical minerals is through a production alliance or a buyers' club rather than just a price floor, Energy and Mining Minister Tim Hodgson told Reuters on Tuesday.Australia has already allocated A$1.2bn ($850mn) to ​build a critical minerals stockpile, beginning with antimony, gallium and rare earths.That will now be more closely aligned with Canada's defence stockpiling regime that has a similar aim, Albanese said."There's a lot Canada and Australia can do together on critical minerals as producer nations," Australian Resources Minister Madeleine King told Reuters ahead of Carney's visit.Australia and Canada will also deepen cooperation in areas including defence and maritime security, trade and artificial intelligence, the ‌two leaders said. 

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi interacts with Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, ahead of their meeting at Hyderabad House in New Delhi on Saturday. Brazil is among the world's top producers of ​iron ore and holds large reserves of minerals critical to steelmaking. Closer cooperation is expected to improve India's access to raw materials and technologies ‌needed to sustain long-term ⁠growth in its steel ​sector, an Indian government statement said.
Business

India, Brazil sign mining pact as Modi targets $20bn trade in five years

India moved ‌to deepen trade ties with Brazil on Saturday, signing ‌a pact ⁠to expand cooperation ‌in mining and minerals as ‌it seeks to meet rising domestic steel demand and support ⁠capacity expansion amid a global race for raw materials.The agreement was signed in the presence of India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, who arrived in New Delhi earlier this week for a three-day visit.Brazil is among the world's top producers of ​iron ore and holds large reserves of minerals critical to steelmaking. Closer cooperation is expected to improve India's access to raw materials and technologies ‌needed to sustain long-term ⁠growth in its steel ​sector, an Indian government statement said.The cooperation ​will focus on attracting investment in exploration, mining and steel sector infrastructure, the statement said.India has steelmaking capacity of 218mn metric tons, and companies are expanding output to meet rising domestic demand driven by infrastructure development and industrialisation.Addressing a meeting with a Brazilian delegation led by Lula, Modi said their talks had focused on ways to deepen the India-Brazil trade partnership."We are committed to taking ‌bilateral trade much beyond $20bn ‌in the next five ⁠years," Modi said.Bilateral trade between the two countries currently stands at ⁠about $15bn."Our nations ⁠will also work closely in areas such as technology, innovation, digital public infrastructure, AI, semiconductors and more," Modi said.India and Brazil have been strategic partners since 2006, with cooperation spanning trade, defence, energy, agriculture, health, critical minerals, technology ​and digital infrastructure.Brazil is India's largest trading partner in the Latin America and Caribbean region, and the two countries work closely on global issues such as UN reform, climate change and counter-terrorism.Lula on Thursday advocated for Brazil and India to conduct trade in their own currencies rather than settling transactions in US dollars, but dismissed speculation that the BRICS group of countries, of ‌which both ​nations are members, would create a common currency. 

Yasir al-Rumayyan, Governor of Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund.
Business

Saudi wealth fund plans to more than double investments in Japan

Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund is looking to increase its investments in Japan to about $27bn by the end of 2030 as the kingdom looks to deepen ties in Asia and expand in areas from critical minerals to financial markets.The Public Investment Fund aims to deploy more capital after investing $11.5bn in Japan from 2019-2024, Governor Yasir al-Rumayyan said at the FII Priority Asia Summit in Tokyo Monday. He highlighted spending in public and private markets and predicted recently-launched exchange traded funds between Saudi Arabia and Japan will “go further”.“Asia is big for us. We want to have better ties, better relationships, better procurement process, access to the supply chain,” al-Rumayyan said. “Japan at some stage was one of the largest partners for Saudi Arabia and we want to get that back.”Japan is Saudi Arabia’s third-largest trading partner at present. The sovereign wealth fund expects its investments in the country to contribute as much as $16.6bn to Saudi Arabia’s gross domestic product, al-Rumayyan said. He also hopes to see more return investment to the kingdom in areas including travel and tourism.Those sectors are among six areas of priority for the $1tn PIF under its 2026-2030 investment strategy, which is set to be unveiled early next year. The board has approved that plan and will be hammering out details over the next few days at a summit on the Red Sea in Saudi Arabia, al-Rumayyan said.The comments suggest Japan will remain a priority for PIF global investment as the fund seeks to increase its annual deployment of capital to $70bn after this year. It allocated nearly $57bn across priority sectors in 2024.Saudi Arabia has been leaning more heavily into its relationships with Asian nations in recent years as it seeks to draw more foreign partners to help advance the country’s multi-trillion dollar Vision 2030 economic transformation programme.There’s been a strong emphasis on the financial sector, with multiple ETFs launched in markets including mainland China, Hong Kong and Japan to track Saudi assets over the last two years. Asian banks have emerged as major financiers for Saudi entities. In energy, Saudi Arabia is working with Japan on developing the market for blue ammonia.Additionally, the kingdom is developing Dragon Ball and anime theme parks at its Qiddiya mega entertainment city on the outskirts of Riyadh in partnership with Japan. The FII Tokyo conference held on November 30-December 1 was the second FII event ever held in Asia. 

Gulf Times
International

Japan-US talks aim to strengthen cooperation in defense and economic fields

Japan's new Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi and US President Donald Trump affirmed at their summit in Tokyo to bolster cooperation on defense and the economy.On the security front, Takaichi and Trump are likely to have confirmed the importance of reinforcing the alliance's deterrence and response capabilities amid growing challenges posed by China and North Korea, while Washington is calling for allies to spend more on defense, Japan news agency (Kyodo) reported.Takaichi and Trump signed documents, including one on cooperation to secure and supply critical minerals, including rare earths, in an effort to enhance economic security, according to Kyodo.Takaichi described the Japan-US alliance as "the greatest alliance in the world."She is expected to stress her plan, pledged in her parliamentary speech last week, to increase Japan's defense spending to 2 percent of gross domestic product by March, two years ahead of the previously set goal of fiscal 2027, Kyodo added.Japan has been raising its defense budget significantly since the fiscal 2027 target was set when the government in late 2022 revised its long-term National Security Strategy, which Takaichi has vowed to update next year.The two sides are also expected to have affirmed the steady implementation of a trade agreement struck in July, which includes a Japanese commitment to invest $550 billion in key US industries such as semiconductors, critical minerals and shipbuilding as well as increased purchases by Japan of US agricultural and other products.Based on the bilateral deal, Trump lowered US tariffs on goods from Japan, reducing the levy on automobiles to 15 percent from the previous rate of 27.5 percent.Trump is scheduled to meet with Chinese President Xi Jinping in Seoul next Thursday, the next stop on his Asian tour.

Gulf Times
International

US President and Japanese Prime Minister sign deal to secure rare earth supplies

US President Donald Trump, currently visiting Tokyo, and Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi signed an agreement on Tuesday to secure supplies of rare earth minerals.A White House statement indicated that Trump and Takaichi signed a joint agreement during their meeting aimed at securing supplies of rare earth minerals and critical minerals.Kyodo News Agency reported that Takaichi and Trump agreed to continue working to develop bilateral relations between the two countries in various fields.Takaichi, who became Japan's first female prime minister last week, pledged to build a new "golden age" for the Japan-US alliance, while praising Trump's role in promoting peace in the Middle East.

Michael Finch, Head of Strategic Initiatives at Benchmark Mineral Intelligence.
Business

QIA positions Qatar as 'strategic player' in global minerals market: Energy expert

The Qatar Investment Authority (QIA) is “positioning” Qatar not just as an energy powerhouse but as a strategic player in the global minerals market, noted Michael Finch, Head of Strategic Initiatives at Benchmark Mineral Intelligence.“This is a long-term strategy that underpins economic diversification and supply chain security,” Finch noted at Al-Attiyah Foundation podcast, which was hosted by Stephen Cole.QIA, which is Qatar’s sovereign wealth fund, has become a leading international investor in the sector.It is the largest institutional shareholder in commodities giant Glencore, holding an 8%-9% stake, and has recently invested in companies like TechMet and Rainbow Rare Earths, strengthening ties with supply chains vital for the energy transitionIn a world racing toward decarbonisation, the Middle East and North Africa (Mena) are standing at the precipice of historic transformation. Long defined by oil and gas wealth, the region is now seeking to secure its place in a post-hydrocarbon future.Finch emphasised that Mena nations are not merely reacting to global change but actively reshaping their economies for the decades ahead.Still, hydrocarbons represent around 40% of Saudi Arabia’s GDP (Gulf International Forum, 2024), over 60% of Qatar’s GDP (World Bank, 2023), and roughly a quarter of the UAE’s GDP (Reuters/IMF, 2024).That dependence underscores the urgency of diversification. “There’s a real economic imperative,” Finch explained. “This is not simply about risk management — it’s a lucrative opportunity.”Across the region, sovereign wealth funds hold an estimated $5tn in assets under management, increasingly channelled into mining, refining, and clean energy infrastructure. Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund and other state-backed vehicles are similarly making bold bets, including downstream ventures in electric vehicles and overseas acquisitions of mineral assets.The strategy is characterised by patience and foresight, with funds pursuing multi-decade returns tied to energy transition industries rather than short-term profit.While Mena is unlikely to rival South America or Australia in sheer geological endowment, the region holds valuable reserves. Morocco stands out as a global leader in phosphate resources, critical for lithium iron phosphate battery cathodes, while Saudi Arabia is advancing rapidly in copper, gold, and rare earth elements. New extraction technologies, such as Direct Lithium Extraction, could also unlock value from the region’s oilfield brines — leveraging existing hydrocarbon infrastructure for future supply chains.The conversation also touched on electric vehicle adoption in Mena, which remains at an early stage with penetration generally under 1% across the region, though the UAE leads at around 3% new car sales (Bain & Company, 2024).Still, growth targets are ambitious: Morocco aims to expand EV production capacity to 100,000 vehicles by 2025 (CleanTechnica, 2024), while Saudi Arabia has set a goal of producing 500,000 EVs annually by 2030 (Construction Week Saudi, 2024).Finch concluded: “The energy transition is not a threat to the region — it is an opportunity. With resources, capital, and expertise, Mena can become a cornerstone of the future global energy system”.“For Qatar, and for the wider region, the era of critical minerals is not just a hedge against the decline of oil — it is the foundation of a new energy economy,” he added.