Driven by expanding e-commerce volumes, supply chain diversification, and surging demand for artificial intelligence hardware, global air cargo traffic is projected to double over the next 20 years, expanding the world’s dedicated freighter fleet to more than 4,000 aircraft by 2045.According to Boeing’s biannual 2026 World Air Cargo Forecast, released Wednesday at The International Air Cargo Association’s Air Cargo Forum in Miami, the global freighter fleet will grow 67% from 2,395 aircraft in 2025 to 4,010 aeroplanes by 2045.To meet this projected expansion and replace retiring legacy aircraft, commercial carriers will require 2,930 new and converted freighters over two decades, the report stated.Approximately 55% of these deliveries will supply net capacity growth, while 45% will replace older, less efficient models, it noted, adding that converted passenger aircraft are anticipated to account for two-thirds of total deliveries, with the remainder coming from new-production dedicated freighters.According to Boeing, it anticipates annual air cargo traffic to grow by 3.5% over the next 20 years, outpacing broader long-term economic and trade growth. Trade lanes connecting to Asia are expected to lead this momentum, representing approximately 60% of the global air trade market, it stated.The forecast follows a resilient operational period for the air logistics sector. Global air cargo traffic hit a record annual high in 2025, expanding nearly 5% year-on-year despite ongoing geopolitical headwinds and supply chain rerouting challenges, stated Boeing.A significant catalyst for recent air freight momentum is the rapid adoption of advanced technology. Citing data from the International Air Transport Association, Boeing noted that more than 70% of AI-related goods were transported by air freight in 2025.“Air cargo's adaptability and speed are strategic advantages enabling reliable transport, dynamic rerouting and critical support for evolving supply chains. As global trade patterns change and demand for time-sensitive, high-value goods grows, dedicated freighters will remain essential to global commerce,” said Darren Hulst, Boeing vice president of Commercial Marketing.Dedicated main-deck freighters are expected to carry more than half of global air cargo traffic over the long term. While air freight represents less than 1% of global trade volume, it accounts for roughly one-third of global trade value due to the high-value, time-sensitive, or perishable nature of the goods.Airline operations combining passenger belly capacity with main-deck freighters generate nearly one-third of total air cargo revenues, allowing carriers to serve diverse route networks. Driven by expanding express services, time-definite operators and integrators are projected to increase their share of global traffic to nearly 25% by 2045.In 2025, air cargo operators, spanning both dedicated freight carriers and passenger airlines with cargo operations, generated approximately $170bn in industry revenue, representing roughly 90% of total sector revenue.