Nato Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg said yesterday the alliance believed Russia was still planning a big assault on Ukraine following Moscow’s recognition of two separatist regions in the former Soviet republic’s east.
He spoke as the West took further measures to try to discourage Russia from going on the offensive in Ukraine.
The European Union agreed new sanctions that will blacklist more politicians, lawmakers and officials, ban EU investors from trading in Russian state bonds, and target imports and exports with separatist entities, the EU foreign policy chief said.
Germany put the brakes on a new gas pipeline and Britain hit Russian banks with sanctions. The Russian foreign ministry criticised the new measures against Russia as “illegitimate”.
With Western concern about Russia’s intentions fuelled by Moscow’s recognition of the two breakaway regions, Nato’s Stoltenberg said in Brussels: “Every indication is that Russia is continuing to plan for a full-scale attack of Ukraine.”
“We continue to call on Russia to step back ... it’s never too late not to attack,” he told a news conference.
Russia’s parliament approved treaties with the two regions a day after Russian President Vladimir Putin said he was recognising their independence. Both adjoin Russia and have been controlled by Russian-backed fighters since 2014.
Putin said the territory covered the entire Donetsk and Luhansk regions of eastern Ukraine. He also signed a decree on deploying Russian forces there and yesterday Russia’s upper house of parliament formally granted his request to use troops abroad with immediate effect.
The prospect of a disruption to energy supplies and fears of war — stoked by reports of shelling in some areas and movements of unmarked tanks overnight in the rebel-controlled city of Donetsk — rattled international financial markets and sent oil prices surging to their highest level since 2014.
In Donetsk, some residents celebrated, with cars flying Russian flags and sounding their horns. But several blasts were heard in the city yesterday, and some people questioned whether Putin’s moves would bring peace.
Germany is Russia’s biggest customer for natural gas, and the decision by Chancellor Olaf Scholz to freeze the Nord Stream 2 pipeline — built but awaiting approval — was widely seen as one of the strongest measures Europe could take.
Scholz said he had asked his economy ministry to take steps to ensure that certification could not take place for now.
“This is a morally, politically and practically correct step in the current circumstances,” Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba tweeted. “True leadership means tough decisions in difficult times. Germany’s move proves just that.”
The Kremlin regretted Germany’s move and said it hoped the delay was temporary. Putin said Russia “aims to continue uninterrupted supplies” of energy to the world.
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson and French President Emmanuel Macron agreed yesterday to continue to work together to target those who supported what Johnson called Putin’s “aggressive approach”.
“Russia’s actions don’t just threaten Ukraine’s sovereignty, but are a blatant attack on freedom and democracy, the leaders agreed,” a joint statement said.
EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said Russia’s recognition of the two breakaway regions was an unacceptable breach of Ukraine’s sovereignty.
Meanwhile a witness told Reuters they had seen a military convoy of more than 100 trucks with soldiers heading in the direction of the Ukrainian border in Russia’s Belgorod region.
Russian parliamentary approval of friendship treaties with the two breakaway regions could pave the way for Moscow to establish military bases there.
Britain announced sanctions on three Russian billionaires and five banks.
Germany convened a call of foreign ministers from the Group of Seven industrialised nations, in which they agreed to condemn Russia’s actions, according to Japan’s foreign minister.
President Volodymr Zelenskiy said Ukraine may sever diplomatic ties with Russia and urged allies not to wait for a further escalation to enact sanctions.
The West, which imposed sanctions on Russia after it annexed Crimea from Ukraine in 2014, appears likely to hold back on its toughest sanctions for now. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov brushed off the threat of sanctions.
“Our European, American, British colleagues will not stop and will not calm down until they have exhausted all their possibilities for the so-called punishment of Russia,” he said.