President Xi Jinping and other leaders are expected to discuss and approve China’s economic and social development blueprint for 2021-2025 at a key Communist Party conclave in October, probably in the second half of the month, the sources told Reuters.
Policymakers believe that setting a five-year growth target is vital for steering the world’s second-largest economy past the ‘middle income trap’, the sources said, after internal debate over whether it should abandon such targets to enable more flexibility.
The target also keeps local governments focused on development goals at a time of a deepening rift between China and the US over a broad range of issues, they said.
“There will be an economic target. Where is the direction of development if there is no such anchor?” said one source who is involved in the debate.
Government think tanks and economists have made recommendations for average annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth targets including “around 5%”, 5-5.5% to 5-6%, the sources said.
China is targeting average annual growth of over 6.5% for the 13th five-year plan that ends this year.
China’s State Council Information Office did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Some government advisers have argued that China should do away with official growth targets — a legacy of decades of central economic planning — to reduce reliance on debt-fuelled stimulus and encourage more productive investment.
Reform advocates hope President Xi’s proposed “dual circulation” strategy, expected to be the centrepiece at the conclave, is an opportunity to quicken reforms to spur domestic demand and unleash fresh growth engines.
In May, China abandoned its annual GDP growth target, for 2020, for the first time in 18 years due to a heavy blow from the coronavirus crisis, although some economists suspected the government has maintained an implicit goal of around 3%. The five-year plan is expected to be unveiled at the annual parliament meeting in early 2021.
A growth target for 2021 itself, also to be unveiled at the parliament session, is likely to be set by top leaders at an annual economic conference in December.
“We expect the government to either not set an explicit growth target or set a lower and more flexible (e.g., around 5%) growth target” for 2021-2025, analysts at UBS said in a note to clients.
China faces growing headwinds to maintain its ascent as the US ratchets up pressure on trade, technology and other fronts, threatening a decoupling of the world’s two largest economies.
Annual growth of about 5% would be enough for China to bypass the “middle income trap” that has befallen countries such as Argentina, Brazil and South Africa, which have struggled to boost productivity and shift towards higher value-added industries.
The World Bank defines high-income countries as those with per capita gross national income (GNI) of above $12,535.
China’s per capita income reached $10,410 in 2019, according to the World Bank.
The State Council’s Development Research Centre, the cabinet’s think tank, said in a recent report that it expects China to become a high income nation by 2024 and overtake the United States as the world’s largest economy by 2032.