Sri Lankans elect a new president today in a “finely balanced” race between the early favourite, former defence chief Gotabaya Rajapaksa, and government minister Sajith Premadasa, who has gained momentum in recent weeks.
The election comes amid a deep slump in the country following Easter Sunday attacks on hotels and churches by militants that killed over 250 people and sharpened tensions between majority Sinhalese and minority Muslims.
Added to that are longstanding grievances of ethnic Tamils, who say they are still to get justice stemming from the human rights violations during a 26-war civil war with Tamil rebels, especially at the closing stages when a UN panel says around 40,000 people were killed.
Gotabaya, who oversaw the military rout of Tamil fighters under his brother and then president Mahinda Rajapaksa, has campaigned on a platform of national security, playing on the fears of Sinhalese Buddhists following the April attacks claimed by Islamic State.
Premadasa has sought to fire up the countryside with promises of free housing, schools uniforms for students and sanitary pads for women - touching on a topic rarely discussed in public but which has drawn women to his rallies.
Both the frontrunners in a field of 35 candidates said they will seek a balance in Sri Lanka’s political and economic ties with China and India that have competed for influence in the island that sits near busy
shipping lanes.
However, Rajapakse and his family are seen closer to China, which has led post-civil war reconstruction.
There are no opinion polls but political strategists in the two main campaigns, the minority parties and political analysts say the race has become much closer in recent weeks.
Initially, Rajapakse was strongly favoured but Premadasa is seen to have closed in on him in the final two weeks of the campaign, they say.
An internal assessment shared by a government minister who is supporting the Premadasa campaign shows an edge over Rajapakse after initially trailing him. But Kehelia Rambukwella, the spokesman for the Rajapakse campaign, said yesterday the team was confident of winning.
The election is now “finely balanced” between the two frontrunners, Eurasia said in a note. While Gotabaya is banking on the support of the Sinhalese, Premadasa has been assured the support of Tamil parties who strongly oppose a return of the Rajapaksas.
Muslims are also concerned they would be targeted in large-scale surveillance and raids that a Gotabaya presidency might bring.
“The prospect of a new Rajapakse presidency has heightened ethnic tensions and raised fears among minorities and democratic activists,” said Alan Keenan from the International Crisis Group.
About 16mn people are eligible to vote today with the ballot allowing voters to choose up to three candidates in order of
preference.
Votes will be counted soon after polling stations close that evening but the results are not expected before tomorrow.
Anyone who gets over 50% of votes as first choice will win. If there is no clear winner, authorities will hold a second round of counting to determine the winner through preference votes.
One of the challenges the new president will face is to service Sri Lanka’s foreign debt, which stands at 45% of its gross
domestic product.
A quarter of the debt is owned to China, which has raised fears of a loss of sovereignty after Sri Lanka was forced to hand over control of the giant Hambantota port in a debt-for-equity swap with Beijing in 2017.
“The management of debt is going to be a challenge, we are still paying down the interest on the loans we have taken, we have to start paying the principal, the repayments will rise,” said Health Minister Rajitha Senaratne who is on Premadasa’s campaign.
Growth hit a 17-year low of 3.2% in 2018, and the IMF has forecast expansion to fall to 2.7% in 2019 as the Easter Sunday attacks dented tourism and broader business activity.
“Given the headwinds facing the economy, we think growth will struggle whoever wins,” said Capital Economics in a note. There might be a slight nudge if Rajapakse wins, reflecting prospect of an upturn in Chinese investment because of his family’s close ties with Beijing, it said.
Police and election officials carry ballot boxes and papers into busses from a distribution centre to polling stations, ahead of country’s presidential election, in Colombo yesterday.
