"Thirty-two of the 208 diplomats recalled to Turkey did not come back to Turkey," Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu told reporters during a press conference with his Iranian counterpart Mohammad Javad Zarif in Ankara.
He said Ankara had information that some had fled to other countries using different means including air travel in the weeks after a rogue military faction tried to remove Erdogan from power on July 15.
Cavusoglu said that two officials working in Bangladesh had fled to the United States after being recalled while another returned to the ministry in Turkey.
Some officials asked to remain in the countries where they were working, the minister said, adding the ministry had given permission for some to stay.
The minister also confirmed that a Turkish rear admiral had gone missing in the United States in July.
Rear Admiral Mustafa Zeki Ugurlu working on a Nato base in Virginia had sought asylum in the US after he was dismissed from the armed forces for links to the putsch bid, according to state-run news agency Anadolu earlier this week.
'Positive signals' from US on Gulen extradition
Turkey has received "positive signals" from the United States over its requests to extradite Pennsylvania-based preacher Fethullah Gulen whom Ankara accuses of ordering last month's attempted coup.
"We have started to receive some positive signals on the calls we have made" for Gulen's extradition, Cavusoglu said, adding further documents relating to the case for his deportation were being drawn up to send to Washington.
Gulen is accused of ordering the July 15 coup during which a group within the military tried to remove Erdogan from power. He strongly denies the claim.
Since then, Turkey has sent several documents to the United States which Ankara claims proves that Gulen was involved.
"Everyone in the world knows who is behind this coup attempt," Cavusoglu said. Last week, an arrest warrant was issued in Turkey for Gulen.
The minister said Secretary of State John Kerry and Vice President Joe Biden expressed their intention to come to Turkey but would not confirm previous comments made by Ankara that Kerry would visit on August 24.
