Dr Izzat Ali Muhamad Khanjar, consultant rheumatologist at HMC, has urged residents to reduce the Consumption of red meat and artificial sweeteners and to completely refrain from alcohol to avoid painful gout attacks.
According to the expert, gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis, in which uric acid crystallises in the joints but can be managed or even avoided by taking control of one’s health.
“Gout is characterised by recurring attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis that are caused by elevated levels of uric acid deposits in the joints,” Dr Khanjar said, adding: “It commonly affects men more than women but is also common in menopausal women.”
“Gout is also associated with obesity and it also affects people with metabolic syndromes. It attacks can be attributed to excessive intake of red meat, artificial sweeteners and artificial sugar substitutes, as well as alcohol. In addition, use of some drugs, including diuretics and aspirin, may increase the chances of developing gout,” he added.
Dr Khanjar said that gout usually has two stages. Symptoms of the first stage include the occurrence of an acute attack with severe pain that may keep the patient awake at night as well as red and swollen joints, especially at the base of the big toe.
He mentioned that the second stage is characterised by recurrent attacks of inflammatory arthritis, where several joints become affected such as the knee, ankle, hand and arms.
“Gout can be diagnosed by physical examination. To confirm the diagnosis, synovial fluid samples (taken from the fluid in the joints) are taken to be tested for the existence of uric acid crystals.
The formation of uric acid deposits under the skin or in the ear lobe is a clear sign of gout,” Dr Khanjar said.
He recommended treatments including patient education about reducing red meat consumption and ensuring intake of fluids, especially during the summer months.
He also said anti-inflammatory topical ointments, pain relievers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications can help reduce discomfort.
However, Dr Khanjar insisted that prevention and awareness is the best way forward for dealing with the painful effects of gout.
“Losing weight is essential in this regard, as obesity is a main factor in the increasing uric acid levels in blood,” he added.