Alpaslan Celik, a deputy commander in a Syrian Turkmen brigade (C), holds handles believed to be parts of a parachute of the downed Russian warplane near the northern Syrian village of Yamadi, near the Turkish-Syrian border, Syria. Reuters
AFP/Reuters/United Nations/Brussels/Ankara
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on Tuesday called for urgent measures to de-escalate tensions after Turkey shot down a Russian fighter plane on the Syrian border.
Ban said a "credible and thorough review" of the incident would help clarify what happened and prevent a repeat.
The Russia SU-24 attack plane was shot down earlier Tuesday by two Turkish F-16s after it violated Turkish airspace 10 times within a five-minute period, the Turkish army said.
Russia insisted that the fighter jet was inside Syrian territory and President Vladimir Putin warned of "serious consequences" for Russian-Turkish relations.
"The secretary-general urges all relevant parties to take urgent measures with a view to de-escalate the tensions," said UN spokesman Stephane Dujarric.
Turkey's Ambassador to the United Nations, Halit Cevik, said in a letter to the Security Council that his government was determined to defend its sovereignty, security and borders.
"Our rules of engagement are well known and are reiterated to all parties on numerous occasions," wrote Cevik.
"Turkey will not hesitate to exercise its rights emanating from international law to protect the security of its citizens and borders."
Russian warplanes have been pounding Syrian rebels and Islamic State fighters, backing government forces at the request of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.
Turkey has sided with the US-led coalition that launched air strikes last year to defeat the Islamic State group.
Despite the spike in tensions, there was no immediate request for an emergency Security Council meeting.
British Ambassador Matthew Rycroft, whose country chairs the council this month, said a meeting could be held if requested and that the incident was not raised during a morning session.
Rycroft said he was "extremely concerned" and stressed the importance of "deconfliction" measures to prevent clashes in the air campaigns being waged by Russia and the US-led coalition in Syria.
In his letter to the council, the Turkish ambassador repeated the army's assertion that the Russian plane had been warned 10 times in five minutes via an emergency channel to change its headings south immediately.
Ban said the "worrying developments" underscored the need to find a political solution to end the nearly five-year war in Syria that has left 250,000 dead.
NATO urges calm
NATO chief Jens Stoltenberg said on Tuesday that the military alliance stands by key ally Turkey after it shot down a Russia fighter jet on the Syrian border but urged both sides to try to calm the crisis.
"As we have repeatedly made clear, we stand in solidarity with Turkey and support the territorial integrity of our NATO ally, Turkey," Stoltenberg said after an emergency meeting of all 28 members requested by Ankara.
"I look forward to further contacts between Ankara and Moscow and call for calm and de-escalation. Diplomacy and de-escalation are important to resolve this situation," he said.
Turkey's right to protect borders must be respected: Erdogan
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan on Tuesday said Turkey's right to protect its borders must be respected. "Everyone must respect the right of Turkey to protect its borders," Erdogan said at his presidential palace in Ankara, in his first official reaction to the downing of the war plane.
Turkey has right to defend: Obama
NATO member Turkey has the right to defend its own airspace, US President Barack Obama said. "Turkey, like every country, has a right to defend its territory and its airspace," Obama said at the White House during an appearance with French President Francois Hollande.
Both Hollande and Obama warned against any escalation after the Russian jet downing, amid concern that the air clash could dramatically escalate tensions in the volatile region.