AFP/Manama
Gulf monarchy Bahrain holds elections tomorrow but with the opposition boycotting there seems little hope of an end to political deadlock in the key US ally.
Bahrain remains divided nearly four years after security forces in the Sunni-ruled kingdom clamped down on protests led by majority Shias taking their cue from the Arab Spring uprisings.
The opposition is demanding a “real” constitutional monarchy with an elected prime minister who is independent from the ruling royal family.
But the Saudi-backed al-Khalifah dynasty has refused to yield.
Bahrain is home to the US Fifth Fleet - in a crucial position off the coast of adversary Iran - and is one of several Arab states supporting US-led airstrikes against the Islamic State group in Iraq and Syria, making it a vital Western ally.
Turnout tomorrow is likely to be low as the main opposition party has already called for a boycott.
Campaigning has been subdued, even if the streets of the capital are festooned with election posters.
A rally organised by Adel al-Dhawadi, a candidate for the Islamic Forum party, outside Manama on Wednesday attracted just a few dozen supporters.
“Everyone is free to participate in elections or to boycott them. But it is better to participate and get involved in change,” said Salah Massameha, a retired academic who attended the gathering.
Candidates from Sunni-led movements will compete with independent hopefuls after the Shia Al Wefaq Association and other opposition groups announced a boycott.
In addition to the Islamic Forum, which is close to Egypt’s banned Muslim Brotherhood, the Salafist Al-Asalah and the National Unity Assembly will field some of the 266 contenders for the 40-member parliament.
The general election will be the first since the 2011 protests, which saw Al Wefaq withdraw its 18 lawmakers after a violent crackdown on demonstrators by security forces. They were later replaced in restricted polls in which the opposition refused to participate.
Analyst Ali Fakhro said the opposition boycott meant Bahrain’s next parliament would not offer a fair reflection of public opinion.
Candidates are mainly “businessmen and professionals who lack experience in politics” and will be unable to bridge social divides, he added.
Not long after the crackdown, demonstrators returned to the streets of Shia villages in spite of violent clashes with security forces.
Al Wefaq always distanced itself from the violence, marketing its struggle as essentially peaceful.
Authorities ignored pleas by human rights groups last year to release political prisoners, instead increasing the punishment for violent crimes.
Attacks that cause death or injuries can now be met with capital punishment or life imprisonment.
Abdullah al-Hawihy, head of the central committee of the National Unity Assembly, a Sunni body created in the wake of demonstrations, said Bahrain’s protest movement showed the “Iranian agenda in the Arab region”.
“Some want to push us towards a sectarian conflict,” he added.
Hawihy also criticised the opposition election boycott. “Those who do not take part will lose,” he said. “It is under the dome of the parliament that we can discuss divisive issues.”
Al Wefaq member Abdulmajeed al-Saba accused authorities of trying to “terrorise people into voting.”
A government official dismissed the claim. “The Bahraini people are more determined than ever to exercise their constitutional right to vote and reinforce the democratic experience despite certain calls for boycott,” he said.
But few ordinary Bahrainis appear to share this enthusiasm. “The candidates seek prestige only,” said Haydar, a 32-year-old taxi driver who has no plan to vote.
Bahrain Minister of State for Information Affairs and government spokesperson Samira bin Rajab and election executive committee director Abdulla bin H
