AFP/Addis Ababa
UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon has given his backing to an African Union (AU) proposal to set up a regional five-nation force of 7,500 troops to fight Nigeria’s Boko Haram Islamist militants.
Support for the initiative, announced at an African Union summit being held in Ethiopia’s capital Addis Ababa, came hours after the Chadian military said three soldiers and 123 militants were killed (see accompanying report).
The casualties occurred in two days of fighting with a Chadian army contingent in northern Cameroon.
“I welcome the decision of the AU and regional countries to establish an MJTF (Multinational Joint Task Force) against Boko Haram,” Ban told reporters on the sidelines of the summit.
“They have committed unspeakable brutality. Those terrorists should be addressed with a regional and international co-operation. Not a single country, even the regional countries, can handle this alone,” he said.
“The United Nations is ready to fully co-operate with the African Union,” the UN chief said.
Ban nevertheless said that “military means may not be the only solution”.
“There should be very careful analysis of the root causes why this kind of terrorism, and extremism, violent extremism, are spreading,” he told reporters.
At least 13,000 people have been killed and more than a million forced from their homes by the Boko Haram conflict since 2009. The group also carried out the mass abduction of 276 girls from the town of Chibok in April last year.
The uprising has become a regional crisis, with the four directly affected countries – Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Nigeria – agreeing along with Benin late last year to form a joint force of 3,000 troops, although the force remains non-operational due to disagreements between Abuja and its neighbours.
Officials at the AU summit said military experts will discuss the force on February 5-7 in Cameroon’s capital Yaounde. The pan-African bloc would then seek UN Security Council approval in the form of a Chapter 7 resolution authorising the use of force, plus a “Trust Fund” to pay for it.
Diplomats said that while “logistical support” would be forthcoming, financing remained the key obstacle to collective action.
“One challenge of course is to finance this force. The best for us will be within the contributions of the UN, but we haven’t explored all the possibilities,” said Ismael Chergui, commissioner at the AU’s Peace and Security Council.
The AU summit also saw African leaders name Zimbabwe’s President Robert Mugabe to the 54-member bloc’s one-year rotating chair, replacing Mauritania’s President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz.
Mugabe, a former liberation war hero who at age 90 is Africa’s oldest president and its third-longest serving leader, is viewed with deep respect by many on the continent.
But he is also subject to travel bans from both the United States and European Union in protest at political violence and intimidation of opponents in his country.
Questioned by reporters on the potential for diplomatic fallout over Mugabe, Ban said that the AU “have their own procedures and practices for electing their leadership”.
“I respect the will and decision of the African Union. I am ready to co-operate closely with the African Union leadership,” he added.
On Friday, however, Ban told African leaders that they cannot afford to ignore the wishes of their citizens and condemned “leaders who refuse to leave office when their terms end” – saying that “undemocratic constitutional changes and legal loopholes should never be used to cling to power”.
Countries including Benin, Burundi, Congo-Brazzaville and Rwanda are all said to be considering changes to allow their leaders a third term.
Ban: (The Boko Haram issue) should be addressed with a regional and international co-operation.
