Business
Gulf conflict strips one fifth of East West air capacity; Middle Eastern hubs hold firm
Middle East airports have absorbed severe disruption from the Gulf conflict, which stripped nearly one fifth of global East West connecting capacity, but the region’s aviation ecosystem has shown resilience in maintaining operational continuity.
In a comprehensive assessment conducted with Flare Aviation Consulting, Airports Council International Asia Pacific & Middle East (ACI APAC & MID) said nine major airports operated at an average of just 53% of pre conflict scheduled flights across March and April 2026, falling to 32% on the first day before recovering to 63% by late April.
The assessment also confirms that the military conflict has pushed the global air transport network under acute stress, with Middle East airports bearing a disproportionate and sustained burden due to its role as one of the world’s most important transport corridors linking Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.
Passenger disruption was acute, with 27mn travellers unable to fly as planned during March and April, representing a 54% year on year (y-o-y) decline. March saw 14mn passengers lost, down 57%, followed by 13mn in April, a 50% drop compared to the same period in 2025.
In 2025, approximately 197mn passengers travelled between Asia Pacific and western destinations, including Europe, the Americas and Africa, equivalent to 540,000 passengers daily, with 18% of those, or roughly 97,000 per day, connecting through the affected Middle East hubs.
Cargo operations sustained equally severe disruption, according to the assessment. The nine airports are estimated to have collectively handled 571,000 tonnes of freight across the two months, against 1.19mn tonnes in the corresponding period of 2025, a loss of approximately 620,000 tonnes, or 52% y-o-y.
March represented the most severe month for cargo, with volumes down 59% y-o-y at 259,000 tonnes. April showed early indications of partial recovery, with 312,000 tonnes handled, still 43% below the prior-year level.
Airfares surged on Asia West routes. Direct fares, once priced at a modest 20% premium over indirect routings via the Middle East, more than doubled in March to 185% of the 2025 baseline.
By July August, fares to and from the Middle East remained 50% above pre conflict levels, driven by reduced airline competition as traffic flows shifted towards European and Asian carriers, limiting capacity and pushing prices upward. Looking ahead, the ACI APAC & MID stated that airfares are expected to stay elevated in the short to medium term as market imbalances and cost pressures persist.
Despite the disruption in the Middle East, overall passenger traffic in Asia-Pacific remained resilient and on an upward trend in March at most of the airports surveyed, although airports experienced declines on the routes to the Middle East.
Stefano Baronci, director general, ACI Asia-Pacific & Middle East, said: "Middle Eastern hubs are not only regional assets but essential nodes in the global aviation system. The scale of disruption observed over two months underscores the critical role of airports as enablers of connectivity, socio-economic growth, and passenger experience.
"The aviation ecosystem in Asia-Pacific and the Middle East is proving to be resilient, but we are at a critical juncture, since a protracted instability over the summer period may have a far more negative impact on the economic sustainability of the airport sector.”
Recovery is expected to follow a gradual "swoosh shaped” trajectory — a slow initial rebound followed by a longer climb back to baseline — rather than a rapid bounce back, according to the ACI APAC & MID, adding that continued airspace restrictions, security risks, and elevated fuel prices are likely to weigh on demand and airline capacity.
It added that the pace will depend on coordinated airspace reopening, clearer regulatory guidance, stabilisation of fuel markets, and the ability of Middle Eastern carriers to rebuild networks and restore passenger confidence.