Qatar
Qatar steps up diabetes fight focusing on prevention, lifestyle change
Qatar is strengthening efforts to combat diabetes through national strategies, community programmes and lifestyle interventions, as experts warn that awareness alone is not enough to curb rising health risks. The Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) is intensifying its efforts to combat diabetes, combining national strategies, community initiatives and lifestyle interventions as experts stress the need to translate awareness into sustained behavioural change.
According to MoPH's STEPwise survey (2023), diabetes prevalence in Qatar stands at approximately 15.35% among adults aged 18–69, marking a slight decline from 16.7% in 2012. While this indicates progress, significant challenges remain, particularly in addressing lifestyle-related risk factors and awareness gaps.
Dr Abdulla Alhamaq, Executive Director of the Qatar Diabetes Association (QDA), said national strategies have played a key role in tackling the issue. "The National Diabetes Strategy and the ongoing National Health Strategy prioritise screening, early detection, and public awareness campaigns focused on diet, physical activity and smoking cessation,” he explained.
He noted that while public health messaging has contributed to declines in obesity and smoking rates, behavioural change remains uneven. "Reduced physical activity levels and persistently low fruit and vegetable consumption indicate that awareness has not yet fully translated into healthier lifestyle behaviours,” he added.
At the community level, QDA has adopted a proactive approach, integrating education, screening and lifestyle support across schools, workplaces and public spaces. "Our goal is to normalise early detection and empower individuals to take proactive steps toward prevention,” Dr Alhamaq said.
Experts emphasise that dietary habits remain one of the most significant contributing factors. Katie El-Nahas highlighted that common unhealthy patterns include "frequent consumption of highly processed foods rich in refined carbohydrates and fats, frequent snacking, late evening meals, and regular intake of sugar-sweetened beverages.”
"These behaviours can worsen insulin resistance and accelerate the onset of type 2 diabetes,” she said, noting that managing caloric intake and seeking personalised dietary guidance are essential first steps. However, she stressed that healthier choices do not require abandoning cultural identity. "Traditional foods can still be part of a healthy diet, but portion control, reducing fat, choosing whole grains, and adding vegetables can significantly improve nutritional value,” she explained.
El-Nahas also underscored the importance of reducing refined carbohydrates and high glycaemic index foods. "Replacing processed foods with fruits, vegetables and homemade meals can significantly lower diabetes risk,” she said, adding that early intervention is particularly crucial for individuals with a family history of the condition.
Physical activity is another cornerstone of prevention and management. Fitness experts at QDA, Ahmed Ali and Fatma Zohra, highlighted that regular movement improves insulin sensitivity, supports blood sugar control and reduces cardiovascular risks. "The most effective approach combines aerobic exercise, strength training and simple daily habits,” Ahmed Ali noted, recommending activities such as walking, cycling and resistance training.
Zohra cautioned against common mistakes, including overtraining, poor technique and unrealistic goals, which can discourage long-term adherence. Instead, they emphasised practical habits such as walking after meals, taking the stairs and incorporating short movement breaks throughout the day.
Looking ahead, experts point to the need for stronger policy measures, including expanded screening programmes, stricter regulation of sugary products, and increased health education in schools. As Qatar advances its national health agenda, the message from experts remains clear: while progress has been made, lasting impact will depend on individuals adopting healthier daily habits, turning awareness into action.