A memorandum is not a peace deal
The memorandum now agreed between Washington and Tehran is being read in some quarters as an ending. It is nothing of the kind. At best it is a beginning, and a beginning is worth only as much as what is built upon it. No single act delivers peace in the Middle East. Long-term achievement is merely short-term steps piled patiently in the right direction—and the only direction that counts is regional peace for all. A memorandum that cools the quarrel with Iran while the rest of the furnace burns is not a step towards that peace. It is a pause dressed as progress. The temptation in Washington and Jerusalem will be to treat the document as a finish line: bank the de-escalation, declare the danger managed, move on. That instinct mistakes security management for statecraft. A ceasefire stops the shooting; it does not supply a destination. And the absence of a destination is the flaw that has defined the past two years. The obstacle to a durable peace is no longer, principally, Iran. It is a course of conduct inside Israel. A state founded in the shadow of persecution has allowed that memory to curdle into something pathological—a permanent sense of victimhood that has licensed excess in Gaza and Lebanon out of all proportion to any threat. The manner of war has been not merely harsh but, at moments, gloating, and it has gone beyond what military logic can justify. One need not take that on the word of Israel’s critics. Former chiefs of the IDF and the security services have said as much themselves, breaking ranks to warn that the conduct of these campaigns exceeds necessity and corrodes the state that orders them. Israeli society is not simply complicit. It supports the wars in the name of security, yet it has thumped the government down again and again at the same time. There is daylight—wide daylight—between backing a war and backing the men who run it. But that support must be read with a caveat. The public is heavily insulated from what is done in its name. Military censorship has been standard practice for decades, and to it the government has added a hasbara apparatus that systematically dehumanises Palestinians and Lebanese while inflating the existential stakes of every campaign. Consent so managed is not consent informed. It is consent manufactured. The proportions are worth stating plainly, because the propaganda obscures them. For decades the Israeli air force has ruled the skies of every theatre it has entered, unchallenged. Only with the arrival of cheap drones did its adversaries manage to disturb that dominance—to disturb it, not to contest it. The “existential threat” invoked to justify the rubble is, by the cold arithmetic of force, a vast exaggeration. A nation with total command of the air is not fighting for its survival. It is choosing how to fight. Two of the men shaping that choice belong in a different kind of custody than government. Days after the memorandum was struck, with American envoys still enroute to meeting, Israel’s national security minister, Itamar Ben-Gvir, declared that for every tear of an Israeli mother a thousand Lebanese mothers must weep, and that all of Lebanon must burn. His finance minister, Bezalel Smotrich, called for the gates of hell to be opened on Lebanon, as he once did on Gaza. These are not the slogans of street agitators. They are the recorded positions of sitting cabinet ministers, uttered while their own prime minister stood silent. In a healthier polity such words would be disqualifying. That the men who speak them sit in cabinet is not a detail of the pathology. It is the pathology. Above them stands a prime minister it is tempting to read through his own inheritance: the son of an irredentist historian and the brother of a fallen national hero, a man who has governed as though answering ghosts. Whatever the truth of the psychology, the political effect is plain. Mr Netanyahu has built a career on permanent emergency, and permanent emergency is the one condition under which the region cannot heal. Leave that course unchecked and the danger is not stalemate but degeneracy—a slide into fragmentation and serial bloodletting from which no neighbour is insulated. The Palestinian plight is infectious. It travels, it radicalises, it dignifies armed networks that are otherwise merely violent entrepreneurs with flags. Iran built an entire regional doctrine on that wound. The “axis of resistance” was never chiefly about piety; it was about deterrence, reach and survival. But Palestine gave it moral voltage. A memorandum may lower Tehran’s capacity for mischief. It will not silence the grievance Tehran has spent forty years amplifying. Only closing the wound does that. Which is why the memorandum, to be worth anything, must be the first stone in a road that runs through Jerusalem. The materials already exist. Saudi Arabia has for years tied normalisation with Israel to the Arab Peace Initiative —statehood and withdrawal in exchange for recognition — the standing offer of the region’s most consequential Arab power. Jordan has drawn its own red line, its king rejecting annexation and displacement, its ministers warning that forced relocation would spread radicalism and threaten the kingdom itself and beyond. The architecture of a settlement is on the table. What is missing is the will to treat the Iran track and the Palestinian track as one project rather than two. Here the American interest and the world’s converge—and the prize for Mr Trump is larger than he may yet realise. A president who merely manages a ceasefire is forgotten; a president who cuts the Gordian knot of Middle East peace enters the company of statesmen, the rank that outlives administrations. Such a move would rehabilitate not only his own presidency but his country’s standing, restoring to America the moral initiative it has spent two decades squandering and recasting it as the author of order rather than the financier of its absence. Nor would this be a stand against his own people. For the first time since Gallup began asking in 2001, Americans’ sympathies no longer tilt towards Israel, and 57% now favour a Palestinian state. The public appetite for an end is there; the moral case is there; the coalition abroad is there. The memorandum hands him the thread. Whether he pulls it, or lets it lie as another managed pause, will decide whether America regains the initiative it has lost—or watches the region tip, on someone else’s design, into the cauldron. The choice, then, is not idealism against realism. It is between two realisms: one that banks a single step and calls it arrival, and one that keeps laying stones until the road reaches everyone. A memorandum is not a peace. It is permission to begin building one. Jamil K Mroue is Lebanese writer and previous editor of Al Hayat newspaper in London and The Daily Star in Beirut.