Japan in first disaster drill since tsunami

Over half a million people across Japan took part in annual drills yesterday to prepare for natural disasters, but this year’s exercises held a more immediate sense of urgency following the earthquake and tsunami that devastated the northeast coast in March. The government conducted drills based on the scenario of a 7.3 magnitude earthquake striking Tokyo, which would have catastrophic consequences given that the capital and its surrounding prefectures account for over a quarter of Japan’s population and about a third of its economy. More than a thousand people participated in exercises in central Tokyo’s Yoyogi Park, where military helicopters buzzed overhead, police bikes sped past and medical personnel tended to people trapped under a damaged car in a mock emergency situation. Outgoing Prime Minister Naoto Kan, whose support ratings plummeted due to disapproval of his administration’s response to the March disaster, held a mock press conference in which he told the public that the government was doing its utmost to minimise the damage. “It feels more real, that this place could actually be filled by people unable to get home,” said Ikuo Suzuki, an official at Yoyogi Park, which is a designated evacuation area in the event of a major earthquake. Preparedness exercises included experiencing various disaster situations, such as boarding a specially designed elevator that shakes violently as if in a strong earthquake. “It has a tenser atmosphere than I expected,” said Masako Yoshida, a mother of two who was participating for the first time. “I remembered how on that day (March 11), I was separated from my children. Transport had stopped.” The police also conducted exercises in which they blocked traffic at about 100 locations in Tokyo to practice ensuring the passage of emergency vehicles. The preparedness drills are held every year on September 1, the anniversary of the Great Kanto Earthquake that killed 140,000 people in the Tokyo area. The government forecasts that a 7.3 magnitude quake directly under Tokyo would kill up to 11,000 people, injure about 210,000, force 7mn to evacuate and cost the $5tn economy around $1tn in damages - five times the estimated damages from the March 11 disaster. “The country and local governments should reconsider the conventional disaster prevention measures and prepare for every possible scenario of earthquakes and tsunami,” the government’s cabinet office said. “Especially in terms of tsunami measures, they need to raise people’s disaster prevention awareness and take all possible, comprehensive measures, including evacuation of residents.” Chubu Electric Power, which runs the Hamaoka nuclear plant on the Pacific coast in Shizuoka, central Japan, tested communications in a simulation of a plant power loss in the event of a tsunami. The surging waves triggered by the March quake crippled backup cooling systems at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, which led to reactor meltdowns, explosions and the release of radiation into the environment. Tens of thousands remain evacuated from homes, farms and businesses in a 20km radius around the stricken plant. Kishie Shigekawa, a professor of environmental disaster studies at Fuji Tokoha University, said progress has been made in improving Tokyo buildings’ anti-quake reinforcements, after the 1995 Kobe earthquake in western Japan took so many lives due to lack of structural strength in that city’s buildings. But she warned that post-quake fires were an urgent issue given Tokyo’s dense population and crowded architectural landscape. “It inevitably takes time, but long-term city planning to reduce loss of life ... is something we need to keep on pushing for,” Shigekawa said.