Metal exports from China, especially aluminium, are getting a significant lift from the war in the Middle East, which has cut regional supplies while boosting demand for clean-tech products as fossil fuel prices soar.
Shipments of aluminium products from the world’s main manufacturing hub are on track to hit a record this year, the country’s top industry association has forecast. At the same time, copper — used in clean-tech products such as batteries — also stands to benefit from the shift.
Commodities markets from metals to oil and gas have been jolted by the conflict between the US, Israel and Iran, which erupted at the end of February and has forced the Strait of Hormuz to effectively close. Strikes on aluminium smelters in the Gulf have hobbled output from the region that delivers about 9% of the world’s supply, with prices hitting a four-year high in London last month.
That’s proving to be a boon for producers in China, which have struggled with the domestic fallout from the country’s protracted property crisis.
In energy, the Iran war has supercharged prices of crude oil and natural gas, making clean-tech products more attractive and hastening a move away from fossil fuels. Gotion High-Tech Co, a major Chinese battery manufacturer, has said it’s seeing a renewed global focus on the green transition.
"For China, this dynamic reinforces its existing dominance,” said Xinyi Shen, senior adviser at the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air. "Chinese manufacturers already lead on cost, scale and supply-chain integration in clean tech. When global demand accelerates suddenly, they are best positioned to respond quickly.”
Chinese primary aluminum, however, isn’t readily available to global buyers. Beijing maintains export tariffs that keep large volumes within the domestic market. That constraint has magnified the impact of supply disruptions from the Gulf, pushing the premium of London prices over Shanghai to the widest since 2022.
Overseas premiums have reached "unbelievably” high levels, Mo Xinda, director of the light metals department at the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, said at a conference last month.
The dislocation has triggered a surge in arbitrage demand. Aluminum fabricators in China have received more overseas orders since late March, according to six traders surveyed by Bloomberg.
Chinese metals consumption has been resilient this year — as in many previous years — and the prospect of better-than-expected global demand for electric vehicles and energy storage systems could also help, UBS Group AG’s head of China basic materials Sharon Ding said at a seminar in Hong Kong for LME Asia Week.
Some aluminium hot-rolling mills have full orders through till June, led by products used in electric vehicles, battery cells, cooling plates for energy storage and data centers, according to Beijing Aladdiny Zhongying Business Consulting Co.