US airlines are bracing for what stands to be the busiest Thanksgiving travel period on record, testing a strained aviation system that’s only just bounced back from flight restrictions prompted by the government shutdown.
Sprinkle in persistent air-traffic controller shortages, calamitous winter weather brewing in the Pacific Northwest and Midwest, as well as fuel-supply constraints, sporadic tech outages and the rollout of REAL ID requirements, and aviation experts say travellers should brace for disruptions and extra stress.
Industry group Airlines for America anticipates US airlines will carry a record of more than 31mn passengers from November 21 through December 1. The US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), meanwhile, expects this Thanksgiving to be the busiest in 15 years. In any event, the annual spectacle of mass migration will wear on the system’s durability and travellers’ pain threshold alike.
"Airlines have made travel so unpleasant if you’re in a standard economy seat,” said Henry Harteveldt, the founder of Atmosphere Research Group, which advises the industry. Cramped spaces on the plane, long security lines and checked bag fees are among the many reasons why "tempers flare” at the airport, he said.
Footage of endless lines snaking through terminals, intoxicated passengers brawling on planes or travellers throwing basic rules of comportment to the wind have become popular social media fodder. Together, they’ve created the impression of air travel as survival sport and airports as dystopian zones that should best be avoided.
That’s why Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy is using the Thanksgiving rush to insert what he says is some much-needed civility back into the act of travel. That means "dress up to go to the airport, help a stranger out, and be in a good mood,” he wrote in a post on X.
"I’m not trying to put the blame on anybody, I’m just asking us all to be better and do better and we’ll all have a more pleasant experience,” Duffy told reporters earlier this week, noting that he expects it to be the busiest Thanksgiving on record.
Air-traffic controllers will be ready to handle the surge in flights, with towers "adequately staffed” for the holidays, FAA Administrator Bryan Bedford told reporters.
Airlines are rebounding from flight reductions mandated during the government shutdown, which wreaked havoc on the aviation system as an uptick of air traffic control staffing shortages led to disruptions at airports across the US.
Travellers will also have to be on the lookout for delays linked to bad weather, including winter storms starting in the Pacific Northwest and Midwest and moving East. Heavy rains and potential floods will come for Tennessee and other areas, moving toward the Northeast as many look to travel after the Thanksgiving holiday.
The heightened activity stands to be a test case for what exactly needs to change under any sort of network modernisation envisioned by President Donald Trump’s administration — with both political parties eager to place blame elsewhere for any widespread travel snarls.
Flights into Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, the world’s busiest airport by passenger volume, were temporarily halted on Tuesday due to severe weather that caused the FAA to evacuate the air traffic control tower for the hub. A separate facility controlled airspace during the evacuation, which last about 10 minutes, the agency said.
In addition, some flights leaving Seattle have been forced to add additional stops to refuel after a pipeline spill cut off jet fuel supply to the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport.
The Transportation Security Administration said it’s preparing to screen more than 17.8mn people from November 25 to December 2, with more than three million travellers expected to go through airport security on Sunday alone. The overall number is less than was projected last year, though Sunday’s estimate is on par with 2024.
The top five busiest airports during the Thanksgiving week will be Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta, O’Hare International Airport in Chicago, Dallas Fort Worth International Airport, Charlotte Douglas International Airport and Denver International Airport, according to data from travel bookings app Hopper.
And once all the Thanksgiving festivities have subsided, Sunday will be another eventful day — the busiest of 2025 based on seats scheduled, according to data from aviation analytics company Cirium.