Pilgrims rush to take the holy dip at the Kumbh Mela in Trimbakeshwar near Nashik on Saturday. 

AFP/Nashik

Tens of thousands of Hindu pilgrims and holy men washed away their sins with a religious dip on the first main bathing day of India's Kumbh Mela festival on Saturday.

Organisers had increased safety measures in a bid to avoid a repeat of a deadly stampede at the same venue 12 years ago, and said the mass bathe had so far passed without major incident.

"No, nothing like that, it all went well," K. Moghe, the district information officer for Nashik in India's western Maharashtra state, told AFP.

The Kumbh Mela - a celebration of faith in which Hindus bathe in a sacred river - is held every third year and is rotated between four holy sites.

As a result, it takes place at Nashik every 12 years and although it isn't on the same scale as the editions on the Ganges at Haridwar and the Saraswati at Allahabad, it still draws millions of pilgrims.

Thirty-nine pilgrims were trampled to death when the religious festival was last held on the banks of the Godavari river in Nashik, around 160 kilometres from Mumbai, in 2003.

The crush was believed to have been triggered when a sadhu, or holy man, threw coins into a crowd of pilgrims who were growing increasingly impatient at having to wait for their turn to bathe.

When the coins were thrown they scrambled to gather them resulting in dozens of people suffocating, according to reports at the time.

Nashik is unique out of the four venues in that it has two main bathing sites, the Godavari river in Nashik and nearby Trimbakeshwar temple ghat, stretching the emergency services across a wide area.

For this year's edition, officials changed the routes to the ghats to avoid steep slopes while a massive police presence of around 20,000 officers ensured little overcrowding and first aid workers stood ready.

Dreadlocked sadhus with their faces painted were first to bathe, entering the water at Trimbakeshwar shortly before 4.00 am.

Other sects quickly followed, shedding their orange robes and splashing joyously in the ghat before being moved on hastily by police to make way for the next wave of devotees.

The Kumbh Mela has its origins in Hindu mythology, which describes how a few drops of the nectar of immortality fell on all of the places that host the festival, the fourth being Ujjain in central India.

Between eight and 10mn pilgrims are expected to attend the two-month-long Hindu festival this year.

There are two main bathing dates left, on September 13 and September 18.